Water and Environment Sanitation Curriculum (0 – 5 Years)

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Water and environment sanitation CURRICULUM

Nigerian Educational Research And Development Council (NERDC) Water and Environment Sanitation Curriculum for 0 to 5 Years.

Table of Contents
Topic:  Sources and uses of safe water.Content:Activities – Parent/Caregiver:Activities – Child:Caring/Learning Materials:Evaluation Guide:Topic:  Links between Sanitation and DiseasesContent:Activities – Child:Caring/Learning Materials:Evaluation Guide:Topic: Toilet PracticeContent:Activities – Parent/Caregiver:Activities – Child:Caring/Learning Materials:Evaluation Guide:Topic:  Community Hygiene Harmful pest and reptiles.Content:Activities – Parent/Caregiver:Activities – Child:Caring/Learning Materials:Evaluation Guide:Topic: Community Hygiene: Social dutiesContent:Activities – Parent/Caregiver:Activities – Child:Caring/Learning Materials:Evaluation Guide:CaregiverWater and Environment Sanitation 3 – 5 YearsTopic:   sources and uses of waterContent:Activities – Parent/Caregiver:Activities – Child:Caring/Learning Materials:Evaluation Guide:Topic:   safe waterContent:Activities – Parent/Caregiver:Activities – Child:Caring/Learning Materials:Evaluation Guide:Topic:  Disposal of Refuse and Waste.Content:Activities – Parent/Caregiver:Activities – Child:Caring/Learning Materials:Evaluation Guide:Topic:  Harmful Pests and ReptilesContent:Activities – Parent/Caregiver:Activities – Child:Caring/Learning Materials:Evaluation Guide:Topic:  Toilet Habits and FacilitiesContent:Activities – Parent/Caregiver:Activities – Child:Caring/Learning Materials:Evaluation Guide:Parent/CaregiverTopic: Toilet Training Content:Activities – Parent/Caregiver:Activities – Child:Caring/Learning Materials:Evaluation Guide:Parent/CaregiverTopic:  Links between sanitation and Diseases.Content:Activities – Parent/Caregiver:Activities – Child:Caring/Learning Materials:Evaluation Guide:Parents/caregiver

Week 1 

Topic:  Sources and uses of safe water.

Performance Objectives – Parent/Caregiver: Should be able to:

  1. State sources of safe water.
  2. mention uses of water
  3. Demonstrate methods of purification and storage of water.
  4. list water borne diseases and their prevention
  5. provide safe water

Performance Objectives – Child: Should be able to:

  1. identify clean water
  2. make use of safe water
  3. mention uses of water
  4. Name sources of Water.

Content:

1. Sources of water

. Well

. Stream

. Pipe borne

. Spring

. Rain

. Bore hole etc.

2. Uses of water

. Drinking

. Washing

. Cooking

. Medication

3. Methods of purification

. Boiling and filtering

. Chlorination

. Storage with cover

. Distillation add alum

4. Water borne diseases

.               Dysentery

.               Diarrhea

.               Typhoid

.               Cholera

.               Guinea worm

.               Skin diseases

.               Schistosomiasis

.               Worm infection

5. Prevention of water borne Diseases

.               Purification of water

Activities – Parent/Caregiver:

1.            Attend training session on the sources, Uses and purification of water

2.            Demonstrate purification of water

3.            Stimulate children about the sources, uses of safe water

4. Show pictures of victims of water borne diseases

Activities – Child:

1.            Use safe water

2.            Talk about the sources and uses o safe water

3.            Play with safe water under Supervision

Caring/Learning Materials:

. Water

.   Basin

.   Cups

. Containers

.   Filters

.   Charts

. Posters

. Pictures books

. Plastics taps

. Firewood

. Kerosene

. Stove

. Aprons

. Alum

. Chlorine

. Drawer

. White cloth

. Funnel etc.

Evaluation Guide:

Child

1.            Use safe water

2.            knowledgeable about sources and uses safe water play with safe water.

Parents/Caregiver

1.            Safe water provided properly stored water

2.            Safe water stored

3. Measures against water borne diseases taken.

Week 2

Performance Objectives – Parent/Caregiver: Should be able to:

  1. mention symptoms of fecal related diseases
  2. identify fecal Transmission routes
  3. list ways of breaking transmission routes

4. Mention transmission agents e.g. flies, rodents.

5. Encourage child to observe hygiene habits e.g. washing of hands before and after Meals.

Performance Objectives – Child: Should be able to:

1.            Recognize toilet, dustbins and their uses

2.            Learn to use toilet and refuse disposal facilities properly.

3.            Recognize and report when ill

4.            Wash hands before and after meals.

Content:

1. Excreta related diseases

. Diarrhea

. Cholera

. Dysentery

. Worm infection

. Infective hepatitis

2. Faces- Oral transmission routes

. Fingers/Toes

. Toys

. Fruits

. Fields

. Flies

. Fluids

. Shoes

3. Symptoms of fecal related diseases e.g. vomiting, frequent, stooling, fever, body weakness, etc.

4. Primary/ Secondary barriers:

.  Toilet facilities

.  Hand washing

. Personal hygiene

. Environment hygiene

. Water

Activities – Parent/Caregiver:

1.            Role play

2.            Story telling

3.            Demonstrate of hand washing

4.            Sterilize feeding utensils

5.            Encourage child to report illness promptly

6. Observe symptoms of fecal related diseases in the child

Activities – Child:

1.            Participate in toilet training

2.            Inform parents when ill.

Caring/Learning Materials:

. Charts/Posters

. Water

. Container with tap

. Soaps

. Sponge

. Plates with cover

. Food stuff

Towels

Wash hand basin with stand

Cooking stove

Pots

Spoons

Evaluation Guide:

Child

1.            Illness reported

2.            Hygiene habits Practiced.

Caregiver

1. Awareness and early recognition of symptoms related diseases

. Knowledge of ways of breaking transmission

. Reduced incidence of faces-oral transmitted diseases

National Early Childhood Education Water and Environment Sanitation Curriculum Ages 0 – 3 Years. Schemeofwork.com

Week 3

Topic: Toilet Practice

Performance Objectives – Parent/Caregiver: Should be able to:

1. Teach and ensure good toilet habits

2. Encourage the child to use specified facilities for toileting

3. Assist the child in cleaning up after toileting

4. Display friendly approach while toilet training.

5. Recognize and meet child’s toilet Needs

Performance Objectives – Child: Should be able to: By 24 months

1.            Toilet in the proper place

2.            Attempt to clean u self after toileting

3.            Wash his/her hand after toileting

4.            Indicate toilet needs.

Content:

. Appropriate toilet facilities

. Napkins

. Potty

. Pit latrine

.   VIP latrine

.   Water closet

. Sam plat latrine

2. Toilet habit

. Changing nappies

. Disposal or Washing of nappies

. Disposal of feces

. Toilet training

. Cleaning up after toileting

. Washing hands after toileting with water and

 Soap.

Activities – Parent/Caregiver:

1. Discuss good toilet habits

2. Provide toilet facilities

3. Demonstrate good use of toilet facilities

4.            Clean the child after toileting

5.            Dispose of feces safely

6.            Demonstrate of changing of nappies

7.            Display friendliness during toilet training

8. Assist child’s toileting efforts.

9. Clean the toilet.

Activities – Child:

1. Use toilet facilities properly

2. Practice good toilet Habits.

Caring/Learning Materials:

Potty    

Soap

 Nappies

Toilet

Water

 Basins 

Hand towel

Toilet roll

 Detergent

Disinfectant

Kettle

Evaluation Guide:

Child

1.            Appropriate use of toilet facility

2.            Good toilet habits displayed

. Assistance for toileting and cleaning up sought

Caregiver

1. Knowledge of good toilet habits

2. Good toilet habits encouraged

3. Friendly approach Displayed.

Week 4

Topic:  Community Hygiene Harmful pest and reptiles.

Performance Objectives – Parent/Caregiver: Should be able to:

. Identify harmful pests and reptiles

. Control the breeding of harmful pests and reptiles

. Prevent the entry of harmful pests and reptile into homes by wire netting of doors and windows

Performance Objectives – Child: Should be able to:

. Recognize harmful pests and reptiles

. Avoid playing

With harmful pests and

Reptiles

Content:

1. Types of pests and harmful reptiles: flies, rat, ants, mosquito, cockroaches, lizards, snakes, weevils etc.

2. Where pests and reptiles are found

. Dirty environment e toilets

. Bushy environment

. Holes in walls

. Stagnant water

. Dark places

. Refuse dump

3. Control measures

. Clear bushes and dispose refuse properly

. Block holes

. No stagnant water in the surrounding

. Clean environment

.    Use of pesticides Net windows and doors and use ITN (insect treated nets)

Activities – Parent/Caregiver:

  1. Display pictures and charts of different insect and reptiles for children to identify
  2. Observe safety measures, Keep the environment clean

 Plant insects repelling trees and shrubs

. Remove broken bottles, pots and empty tins

3. Carry out control measures like

. Use of

. Insecticides

. Blocking of holes

. Spraying stagnant

Water with kerosene

. Sweeping

. Cleaning out cupboards and wardrobes regularly

. Screening of windows and doors with nets

Activities – Child:

1. Recognize harmful pests and reptiles

2. Keep away from harmful pests and reptiles

Caring/Learning Materials:

.               Pictures

.               Spray gun

.               Insecticides

.               Soap

.               Water

.               Broom

.               Dust pans

.               Dust bins

.               Hand towels

.               Hoes

.               Cutlass

.               Rakes

.               Wire nets

.               ITN

Evaluation Guide:

Child

. Recognize harmful pests and reptiles

. Keep away from Harmful pests and Reptiles

Caregiver

1. Knowledge of harmful pests and reptiles

2. Practice pests control Measures.

National Early Childhood Education Curriculum for Water and Environment Sanitation Ages 0 – 3 Years. Schemeofwork.com

Week 5

Topic: Community Hygiene: Social duties

Performance Objectives – Parent/Caregiver: Should be able to:

1.            Provide a clean environment

2.            Encourage the children to keep the environment clean

3.            Demonstrate simple household chores

4. Provide appropriate waste disposal facilities

5. Dispose of refuse Property.

Performance Objectives – Child: Should be able to:

. Recognize his/her immediate environment

. Keep the surrounding clean with supervision

 . Role play simple household chores

. Dispose of refuse and waste in the proper place.

Content:

Types of social responsibilities:

.               Removal of refuse an its proper disposal

.               Protection of children from harm/danger

.         Household chores

  • Cleanliness at home and at school

Refuse disposal methods

Activities – Parent/Caregiver:

1. Use broom, duster, soap, and water to keep the environment clean

2. Demonstrate how to sweep, dust, wash small items at home and school e.g. socks, pants, handkerchief etc.

  • Stimulate children to put things in place after use e.g. toys, plates, cups, etc.
  • Provide dustbins and compost Pit

Activities – Child:

  1. Participate in keeping the surroundings clean.
  2. Role play simple household Chores.

Caring/Learning Materials:

. Dustbin

.Soap

Water

Broom

Dust pan

Hand Towel

Duster

Basin

Rakes

. Wheel barrow

. Napkins

. Toys

.Covered waste Paper basket

. Spade

. Shovels

. Buckets

. Safe Disinfectant

Evaluation Guide:

Child

1.            Aware of clean environment

2.            Centre and the home kept clean

3.            Personal belongings taken care of

Caregiver

1. Kept environment clean

2. Serve as a good role model in keeping environment clean

3. Knowledge of disposal methods displayed.

Water and Environment Sanitation 3 – 5 Years

Week 1

Topic:   sources and uses of water

Performance Objectives – Parent/Caregiver: Should be able to

1.            Name sources of water

2.            State uses of water

3.            Provide safe water

Performance Objectives – Child: Should be able to

1.            Make use of clean water

2.            Mention sources of water

3.            Mention uses of water

4.            Identify sources of safe drinking water

Content:

1. Sources of clean water:

Rain

Spring

River

Well

Pipe borne

Bore hole

2. Uses of water:

Drinking

Washing

Bathing

Cooking

Watering plant

Activities – Parent/Caregiver:

1. Attend training session on the sources and uses of water

2. Teach children about the sources and uses of safe water

3. Create opportunity to use water

Activities – Child:

1. Talk about source and uses of water

2. Collect safe water for drinking and washing

3. Water the garden

Caring/Learning Materials:

•             Water

•             Basin

•             Cups

•             Charts

•             Posters

•             Picture books

•             Watering can

•             Garden/flower bed

•             Aprons

Evaluation Guide:

Child

1. Safe water used

2. Sources and uses of water listed

Parent/caregiver/teacher

1. Clean water provided

2. Water properly stored

3. Child interaction with safe water

Week 2

Topic:   safe water

Performance Objectives – Parent/Caregiver: Should be able to

1. State the features of safe water

2. Demonstrate methods of water purification

3. List water borne diseases

4. explain was of preventing water borne diseases

Performance Objectives – Child: Should be able to

1. Say how water is purified

2. Play with clean water

3. Identify safe water

4. Use water to wash/clean baby doll or toys

Content:

  1. characteristics of safe water

Colorless Odorless

Lack suspended materials Tasteless

  • Method of water purification: Boiling and filtering Chlorination Sedimentation Adding alum etc.
  • storage of water
  • Water borne diseases and their prevention. Dysentery
  • Typhoid fever Cholera Guinea worm diarrhea

Activities – Parent/Caregiver:

1. Attend Training Sessions on Purification and Storage of Water

2. Collect water from various sources and storage.

3. Record water borne diseases and methods of prevention.

4. Demonstrate methods of purification and storage of water.

5. Display picture of victim of water borne diseases.

Activities – Child:

1. Play with clean water.

2. Collect clean water into container for use.

3. Drink clean safe Water

Caring/Learning Materials:

Water Container Alum

Fire wood 87Charts Posters

White cloth for filtering.

•             Picture books.

•             Chlorine Aprons etc.

Evaluation Guide:

Child

1. Safe clean water used

2. Play with clean water

Parent/caregiver/Teacher

1. Clean safe water provided.

2. Stored purified water.

3. Knowledgeable of water borne diseases and their prevention.

4. Preventive measures taken against diseases.

5. Child’s safe interaction with water ensured

National Early Childhood Education Water and Environment Sanitation Curriculum

Week 3

Topic:  Disposal of Refuse and Waste.

Performance Objectives – Parent/Caregiver: Should be able to:

1. Dispose of animal waste properly.

2. Dispose of Refuse properly

3. Keep the environment clean and safe.

4. Demonstrate methods of refuse disposal

Performance Objectives – Child: Should be able to:

1. Dispose animal waste properly.

2. Put refuse in proper place

3. Help keep environment clean

Content:

1. Waste disposal

2. Types of waste disposal

. Solid

. Liquid

3. Waste disposal facilities

4. Waste disposal methods:

•             Composting

•             Recycling

•             Incinerating

•             Burning

•             Burying.

Activities – Parent/Caregiver:

1. Dispose of refuse and waste properly

2. Provide dustbin and waste baskets

3. Keep the environment clean by disposing rubbish properly.

4. Provide compost pits and earthen incinerator for proper waste disposal.

5. Provide septic soak- away pits for proper liquid waste disposal.

6. Provide adequate drainage for storm water

Activities – Child:

Put refuse in the proper place e.g. covered dustbin incinerator

Caring/Learning Materials:

Water

Soap

Broom

Dust pan

Dust bin

•             Sponge

•             Waste basket

•             Disinfectant

•             Spades

•             Wheel barrow

•             Brush

•             Rakes

•             Bucket

•             Basin

•             Shovels

•             Hand towel. Etc.

Evaluation Guide:

Child

1. Knowledgeable about proper disposal of waste.

2. Clean environment

Maintained

Parent/Caregiver/Teacher

1. Clean and safe environment provided

2. Proper waste disposal facilities put in place

3. Proper disposal of waste materials ensured.

4. Knowledgeable about disposal methods.

NERDC Curriculum for Water and Environment Sanitation Ages 3 – 5 Years.Schemeofwork.com

Week 4

Topic:  Harmful Pests and Reptiles

Performance Objectives – Parent/Caregiver: Should be able to:

1.            Identity pests and reptiles

2.            Control their spreading.

3. Encourage the use of nets

Performance Objectives – Child: Should be able to:

1. Recognize and avoid harmful insects and reptiles.

2. Help keep the environment clean

Content:

1. Types of pets and reptiles-files, rats, ants, mosquitoes, cockroaches, lizards, snakes, weevils etc.

2. Where pests and

Reptiles live:

a. Dirty environment e.g. toilets

b. Bushy environment.

C. holes in the walls

D. stagnant water

E. dark places

F. refuse dump sites

3. Control measures:

A. clear bushes

B. proper dispose of refuse,

C. blocking of holes

D ensure there is no stagnant water

E. spraying stagnant= water with kerosene

F. keep environment clean

G. use mosquito treated nets.

Activities – Parent/Caregiver:

1. Collect pictures, and display Charts and posters of different harmful pests and reptiles

2. Discuss and observe safety measures against harmful pests and reptiles

A. keep environment clean

B. plant insect repelling trees and shrubs.

C removes broken pots and empty tins which may harbor water and pests.

3. Carry out control measures e.g.

A. use of insect ides

B. blocking of holes in floors and walls

Activities – Child:

1. Look at picture of harmful pests and reptiles

2. Talk about pests and reptiles

3. Avoid playing with harmful pests and reptiles

4. Sweep room and Surroundings

Caring/Learning Materials:

•             Pictures/charts/posters.

•             Songs

•             Games

•             Picture books

•             Life specimen of pests and reptiles

•             Story books

•             Soap

•             Water

•             Basins

•             Towels

•             Brooms

•             Dust pan

•             Dust bin

•             Pesticides

•             Sprayer

•             Hoes

•             Rake

•             Cutlass

•             First aid kit.

•             Insect ides treated nets (ITN) etc.

Evaluation Guide:

Child

1.            Harmful pests and reptiles recognized an avoided.

2.            Environment kept clean.

Parent/Caregiver/Teacher

1. knowledgeable about harmful insects and reptiles.

2. Pest control measures and prevention of entry into houses practiced.

3. Clean environment Maintained.

Week 5

Topic:  Toilet Habits and Facilities

Performance Objectives – Parent/Caregiver: Should be able to:

1.            Teach good toilets habits

2.            Encourage the child to use toilets properly and independently.

3.            Inform the child about different types of toilet facilities and show them.

4.            Provide appropriate toilets facilities

5.            Assist the child in cleaning after toileting

Performance Objectives – Child: Should be able to:

1.            Toilet in the proper place.

2.            Toilet properly and independently.

3.            Practice good toilets habits

•             Clean up after toileting

•             Wash hands after toileting.

Content:

Toilet habits

a)            Using specified toilet area habits

b)            Cleaning up after toileting

c)            Correct use of the toilet e.g. sitting properly and avoiding messing up the toilet.

2. Toilet facilities.

a)            Pit latrine

b)            VIP latrine

c)            Water system

D)           potty.

Activities – Parent/Caregiver:

1.            Supervise the proper use of toilet

2.            Encourage the child to use the toilet independently

3.            Encourage the child to practice good habits

4.            Practice good toilet habits

5.            Provision of toilet facilities

Activities – Child:

1.            Independent use of toilet.

2.            Wash hands after toileting

Caring/Learning Materials:

•             Soap

•             Toilets

•             Bowl

•             Water

•             Toilet roll

•             Towel

•             Kettle

•             Bucket

Evaluation Guide:

Child

1.            Independent use of toilet facilities

2.            Proper use of toilet facilities

3.            Good toilet habits practiced.

Parent/Caregiver

1.            Good toilet habits encouraged

2. Good toilet habits practiced.

Week 6

Topic: Toilet Training 

Performance Objectives – Parent/Caregiver: Should be able to:

1.            Recognize child toilet needs;

2.            Show child appropriate use of toilet facilities;

3.            Remind child of good toilet habits;

4.            Avoid child abuse while toilet training.

5.            Maintain clean toilet.

Performance Objectives – Child: Should be able to:

1.            Identity the proper place for toileting;

2.            Indicate toilet needs.

Content:

  1. Toilet training
  2. Child abuse during toilet training.
  3. Hand washing after toileting.
  4. Appropriate anal cleansing materials.

Activities – Parent/Caregiver:

1.            Discuss proper toilet habit

2.            Show child available toilet facilities

3.            Demonstrate proper use of toilet facilities

4.            Cleaning children after toileting

5.            Teach child to wash hands after toileting.

6.            Dispose of faces properly

7.            Recognize and avoid child abuse during toilet training.

8.            Encourage the child to develop good toilet Habits

Activities – Child:

Locate and use available toilet facility properly

2. Wash hands after toileting

Caring/Learning Materials:

•             Potty

•             Latrine

•             Toilets

•             Water

•             Kettle

•             Basin

•             Buckets

•             Toilet roll

•             Hand towels Training pants

•             Baby powder

•             Water container fitted with plastic taps.

•             Disinfectants

•             Detergent

Evaluation Guide:

Child

1.            Use of toilet facility appropriately

2.            Good toilet habits displayed.

3.            Signs of toilet needs indicated.

Parent/Caregiver

1.            Knowledge of good toilet habits

2.            Good toilets habits demonstrated.

3.            Absence of child abuse during toilet training

4.            Friendly approach displayed

5. Clean toilets maintained.

Week 7

Performance Objectives – Parent/Caregiver: Should be able to:

1.            Mention the signs and symptoms of water and faucal related diseases,

2.            Identity transmission routes for water and faucal diseases.

3.            List ways of breaking transmission routes;

4.            Mention transmission agent e.g. flies, rodents, etc.

Performance Objectives – Child: Should be able to:

1.            Mention some water and faucal related diseases.

2.            Mention some transmission agents of water and faucal Diseases.

3. Display good hygiene habits

Content:

Water related diseases:

•             Diarrhea

•             Cholera

•             Typhoid

•             Skin infections

•             Dysentery

•             Guinea worm

•             Malaria

2. Excreta related diseases:

•             Diarrhea

•             Cholera

•             Dysentery

•             Worm infestation

•             Infective hepatitis

3. Faces-oral transmission

•             Faces

•             Fingers

•             Food

•             Fields

•             Flies

•             Fluids

•             Nuts

4. Primary and secondary barrier:

•             Toilet facilities

•             Provision of portable water

•             Solid liquid waste management

•             Hand washing Personal hygiene.

Activities – Parent/Caregiver:

1.            Role play

2.            Story telling

3.            Field visit to schools and sick bay

4.            Demonstration of Hand washing

5.            Purification of water

Activities – Child:

1.            Hand washing exercises

2.            Participate in water security/Handling

Caring/Learning Materials:

•             Posters

•             Water container fitted with taps

•             Kitchen utensils

•             Soap

•             Sponge

•             Water

•             Plates with cover

•             Food stuff

Evaluation Guide:

Child

1.            Proper usage/handling of portable water.

2.            Proper hygiene habits.

Parents/caregiver

1.            Increased awareness of routes of transmission.

2.            Early recognition of signs and symptoms.

3.            Awareness of way of breaking transmission.

4.            Reduced incidence of face oral transmitted diseases

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