Agricultural Science Curriculum for SS2

NERDC Secondary School Curriculum SS2. Agricultural Science Curriculum for SSS 2. Farm survey –Schemeofwork.com

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE SSS 2

THEME 1: AGRICULTURAL ECOLOGY

Week 1

Topic:

Plant Nutrient and Nutrient Cycle

Performance objectives

• List plant nutrient elements under the major classes.
• Recognize deficiency symptoms of different elements in crops.
• State the factors affecting nutrient availability in the soil
• Describe the different methods of replenishing lost nutrients.
• Illustrate the different nutrient cycle using diagrams i.e. Carbon, Nitrogen, water, and phosphorus cycles.

Contents

• Macro and micro nutrients: Their functions and deficiency symptoms in crops.
• Factors affecting availability of nutrients such as Ph, excess of other nutrients, leaching, etc.
• Methods of replenishing lost nutrients-crop rotation, organic manuring, etc.
• Nitrogen, Carbon, water and phosphorus cycle- Diagrams, processes and importance of each cycle organic Agriculture
  •  Meaning and importance.

Teacher’s Activities       

• Assists the students to prepare water/sand culture to demonstrate deficiency of various elements in different crops.
• Prepares charts to shoe macro and micro nutrients.
• Charts for each nutrients cycle.
• Display different chemical fertilizers:
• Assist the students to prepare compost manure and farm yard manure.

Student’s Activities

• Application of chemical fertilizer to crops.
• Participates in preparing Organic manure.

Teaching &Learning Material    

• Types of chemical fertilizers.
• School farm
• Materials for compositing site
• Compositing site

Evaluation Guide

• Mention two major classes of plant nutrients.
• List 5 examples from each class
• Mention two deficiency symptoms of nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, etc.
• State factors affecting nutrient availability in the soil
• What is organic agriculture?
• Discuss the importance of organic agriculture.

Week 2

Topic:

Irrigation

Performance objectives

• Explain the meaning of irrigation.
• State different method/ types of irrigation system.
• Describe each type with its advantages and disadvantages.
• List importance and problem of irrigation system.

Contents

• Meaning of irrigation system
• Types of irrigation systems.
• Description of each irrigation system.
• The advantages and disadvantages of each irrigation system.
• Importance/ advantages of irrigation system.
• 6 problems associated with irrigation.    

Teacher’s Activities       

• Displays pictures of fields being irrigated.
• Takes students to visit dams and I irrigation projects.
• Assists students to carry out some irrigation on the school farm using watering can and sprinklers.
• Displays chart to show types of irrigation system.

Student’s Activities

• Carry out some irrigation on individual plot.

Teaching &Learning Material    

• Field trip to irrigation site
• School farm

Evaluation Guide

• Define the term irrigation.
• List/ mention two types of irrigation.
• Describe one of the irrigation system
• Mention four advantages of irrigation system.
• What are the problems associated with Irrigation system

Week 3

Topic:

Drainage

Performance objectives

• Explain the meaning of drainage.
• List the importance of drainage.
• List various types of drainage.
• Describe the various types with their advantages and disadvantages.

Contents

• Meaning of drainage
• Importance of drainage.
• types of drainage
• Description of the various types of drainage.
• Advantages and disadvantages of each.               

Teacher’s Activities       

• Teacher                demonstrate the various drainage system on the waterlogged areas of the school farm

Student’s Activities

• Participates to demonstrate the various drainage system.

Teaching &Learning Material    

• School farm

Evaluation Guide

• Define drainage
• List four importance of drainage.
• Name the types of drainage with their advantages and disadvantages.

Week 4

Topic:

Agricultural Pollution

Performance objectives

• State the meaning of agricultural pollution.
• Identify pollutants or sources of agricultural land/ pond pollution.
• Discuss the effects of pollution on farmers and farming activities.
• Explain how pollution of land/pond can be minimized

Contents

• Meaning of agricultural pollution.
• Causes/sources of pollution of agricultural lands and fish ponds.
  • Excessive application of agricultural chemicals.
  • Marine and oil spillage.
  • Livestock waste and dung Disposal, etc.
• Effects of land/pond pollution on farmers and agricultural productivity                  

Teacher’s Activities       

• Displays some samples of pollutants
• Conduct students through some polluted lands/ponds in the locality.

Student’s Activities

• Observe pollutants and suggest their effects on the land or pond

Teaching &Learning Material    

• Sample of pollutants.
• Polluted sites.

Evaluation Guide

• Define agricultural pollution.
• State 6 sources of land/ pond pollution.
• Explain the effects of the pollution on farming activities.
• Explain 4 ways to minimize land/pond pollution.

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE SSS 2

THEME 2: AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING                 

Week 1

Topic:

Farm Surveying and Planning

Performance objectives

• State the meaning of farm survey.
• Recognize common simple survey equipment.
• To carry out simple maintenance practices on survey equipment.

Contents

• Meaning of farm surveying
• Common survey equipment.
• Uses of each equipment.
• Maintenance measures on farm survey equipment e.g.
  • washing and drying
  • Oiling and greasing
  • Tightening screws and nuts, etc.
• Importance of farm surveying
• Meaning of farm stead.
• Importance of farm stead planning:
  • Definition of the goal of farm business
  • Planning on how to achieve the goal. Etc              

Teacher’s Activities       

• Display of common survey equipment.
• Guides Discussion on Displayed items
• Discuss/ display in groups the equipment items according to the type of maintenance needed.

Student’s Activities

• Observe displayed items.
• Discuss the uses of the equipment.
• Participate in the discussion on the maintenance and measures for survey equipment’s.
• Suggest what goes wrong as majority of local farmers do not survey their lands and do not have planning farmstead.

Teaching &Learning Material    

• Simple Survey equipment e.g. Gunter’s chain, Ranging Pole; theodolite etc.
• Map of a farm land.

Evaluation Guide

• State the meaning of farm survey.
• Give 10 examples of simple farm survey equipment.
• State five maintenance measures for survey equipment.
• State the meaning of farms stead.
• Mention five importance each for farm surveying and farm-stead planning.

Week 2

Topic:

Farm Planning

Performance objectives

• Define farm planning
• State the factors considered in farm planning and the design
• List and explain the importance of farm planning.

Contents

• Meaning of farm planning
• Factors considered in farm planning and the design of a far, stead.
• Importance of farm planning.    

Teacher’s Activities       

• Use the map of a farm-land to explain the importance of farm and farm stead planning.

Student’s Activities

• Carry out the layout of the school farm

Teaching &Learning Material    

• Map of a farm land.

Evaluation Guide

• Define farm planning.
• Mention five factors considered in farm planning.

Week 3

Topic:

Principles of Farm Stead, Planning and Location of Buildings/Structures

Performance objectives

• Draw out a farm layout.
• Determine where to locate a farm stead and buildings.

Contents

1. Principles of farm planning/layout. Consider the following:
2. Farm stead siting:
   1. Soil condition.
   2. Water supply etc.
3. Location of farm building e.g. pens, sheds, offices, workshops etc.          

Teacher’s Activities       

• Display a model farmstead.
• Illustrate both the orientation and arrangements of buildings or structures in the model.

Student’s Activities

• Group work to develop different designs and farmstead models.

Teaching &Learning Material    

• A diagram of model farmstead.
• A farm layout (field).

Evaluation Guide

• Sketch a farm layout.
• Discuss five principle for site selection and location of structure.

NERDC Secondary School Curriculum SS2. Agricultural Science Curriculum for SSS 2 –Schemeofwork.com

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE SSS 2

THEME 3: FORESTRY                      

Week 1

Topic:

Forest Management        

Performance objectives

• Define the meaning of forest and forestry.
• State the importance of forest and forestry.
• State forest regulations in Nigeria.
• State and discuss forest management practices in Nigeria.

Contents

• Meaning of forest and forestry.
• Importance of forestry.
• Forest regulation Forest management practices: selective exploitation regeneration afforestation water shed
• Implications of deforestation    

Teacher’s Activities       

• Discussion.         

Student’s Activities

• Guided discussion on forest management, regulations, and deforestation.         

Teaching &Learning Material    

• Local forest reserve.
• Guest Lectures

Evaluation Guide

• State five importance of forestry
• Enumerate the forest regulations in Nigeria
• What are the problems of deforestation?

Week 2

Topic:

Agro-forestry Practices in Nigeria

Performance objectives

• Explain the meaning of agro – forestry.
• Discuss different agro-forestry combinations.
• Enumerate different tree species for inclusion in agro- forestry practices.

Contents

• Agro-forestry: Meaning and practices: Taungya system Different agro- forestry combinations in production of crops, livestock pasture etc.
• Tree species suitable for agro- forestry practices.            

Teacher’s Activities       

• Use examples of tree crops in the local community farms.

Student’s Activities

• Make a list of crops and trees growing together in their back yard farms to infer advantages of one over another               

Teaching &Learning Material    

• Local farms with crops and trees growing together.        

Evaluation Guide

• Explain the meaning of agro-forestry
• List 10 different tree species for inclusion in agro-forestry practices

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE SSS 2

THEME 4: ORNAMENTAL PLANTS

Week 1

Topic:

Meaning and Importance of Ornamental Plants

Performance objectives

• Explain the meaning of ornamental plants.
• Identify local ornamental plants.
• Discuss the importance of ornamental plants.

Contents

• Meaning of ornamental plants.
• Importance of ornamental plants.
  • Screening and delineation
  • Architectural beauty of buildings etc.     

Teacher’s Activities       

• Displays a collection of ornamental plants found in the locality

Student’s Activities

• Observe ornamental plant and try to identify them

Teaching &Learning Material    

• A collection of ornamental plants

Evaluation Guide

• State the meaning of ornamental plants.
• Discuss 8 importance ornamental plants.

Week 1

Topic:

Settings and Locations for planting each type.

Performance objectives

• Identify locations or settings requiring ornamental plants
• Determine ornamental plant for each location.
• State common names and botanical names of the ornamental plants.

Contents

• Locations/settings and types of ornamental plants needed.
  • Avenues
  • In front of building etc.                 

Teacher’s Activities       

• Provide representative of ornamental plants for each setting or location.
• Guides discussions on their uses.

Student’s Activities

• Observe and touch the plants and suggest where or location each is suitable.

Teaching &Learning Material    

• A collection of ornamental plants suitable for each setting or location.

Evaluation Guide

• Identify and describe location/ settings requiring ornamental plants.
• Discuss suitability of any 5 ornamental plants for one or two locations

Week 2

Topic:

Method of cultivating ornamental plants.

Performance objectives

• Mention methods of propagating ornamental plants
• Discuss the importance of each method.
• Give examples of ornamental plants propagated through each method.

Contents

• Methods of propagation and planting of ornamental plants.
  • by seed
  • Raised in nurseries and transplanted
  • Vegetative propagation.
  • Cutting, Suckers, etc.
• Examples of ornamental plants propagated through each methods.

Teacher’s Activities       

• Display a collection of ornamental plants.
• Discuss and classify according to propagation methods Field demonstration of the propagation methods.
• Arrange for student group activity.

Student’s Activities

• Close Observation of ornamental plants propagated through different methods.
• Carry out group activity on propagation.

Teaching &Learning Material    

• A collection of representatives of ornamentals propagated by different methods
• Ornamental field site.

Evaluation Guide

• Explain propagation in relation to ornamental plants.
• Describe methods of propagating ornamental plants.
• Propagate five different kinds of ornamental plants.

Week 2

Topic:

Common Types of Ornamental Plants each type     

Performance objectives

• Mention ornamental plants used for different purposes.
• Identify ornamental plants belonging to each category.

Contents

• Various types of ornamental plants according to their uses e.g.
  • Bedding plants (mostly flowering plants)
  • hedging plants
  • Lawn grasses, etc.
• Give examples of each types (common and botanical names)

Teacher’s Activities       

• Display a representative collection of ornamental plants from each group.
• Guides Discussions on each group of plants.

Student’s Activities

• Observe and touch ornamental plants belonging to each group.
• Participate in the discussions.

Teaching &Learning Material    

• A collection of ornamental plants from each category.   

Evaluation Guide

• State five ornamental plants used for different purpose
• Identify and describe one ornamental plants from at least six groups.

Week 3

Topic:

Maintenance of ornamental plants

Performance objectives

• List maintenance operations of ornamental plants.
• Discuss reasons for carrying out each operation.
• Carry out the operations in any established ornamental site.

Contents

• Maintenance operations/ Activities of ornamental plants:
  • Watering
  •  mulching
  •  Pruning, etc.    

Teacher’s Activities       

• Guides discussion on maintenance activities.
• Displays materials and tools for maintenance operation e.g. watering can, mulch, pruning, tools etc.

Student’s Activities

• Observe the maintenance materials and tools.
• Suggest reasons for carrying out each operation.

Teaching &Learning Material    

• Ornamental field site
• Maintenance materials and tools

Evaluation Guide

• What are the major maintenance operation of ornamental plants
• .Give the reasons for carrying out any four maintenance operations.
• Carry out maintenance activities in the field.

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE SSS 2

THEME 5: CROP PRODUCTION                       

Week 1

Topic:

 Diseases of Crop

Performance objectives

• State the meaning of disease
• State the meaning of Disease.
• List the effects of disease on crop production
• Name the important disease of major crops.
• State the causal organism of each disease.
• State the preventive and control measures.

Contents

• Meaning of disease
• General effects of diseases on crop production
• Disease of major crop
  • Cereals-smut, rice blast, etc.
  • Legume- cercospora leaf spot, rosette, etc.
  • Beverages- cocoa black pod, coffee leaf rust etc.
  • Tuber- cassava mosaic, bacterial leaf blight, etc.
  • Fruits – Citrus gummosis, die backs etc.
  • Fiber- black arm (bacterial blight of cotton.
• Vegetable- root knot of tomato or okra etc.
• Stored produce- mould.

Teacher’s Activities       

• Takes the students out for field observation and identification of different types of crop diseases, and moldy grain/ seeds in storage.
• Demonstrates the uses of chemicals to control crop diseases in the school crop diseases in school farm and how to operate sprayer during chemical application.
• Displays preserved diseased plant organs as teaching aids.

Student’s Activities

• Participate fully and record observation in record book.
• Participate and operate the sprayer with the assistance of the teacher
• Draw a sprayer in farm record booklet and label the parts.
• List the names of common chemicals in the locality and the type of disease they control

Teaching &Learning Material    

• School farm
• Spraying equipment.
• Diseased plants.
• Common chemicals.

Evaluation Guide

• State the meaning of diseases.
• Mention the general effects of diseases on crop production.
• State various crop diseases with their causal organisms.
• List and discuss the preventive and control measures.

Week 2

Topic:

Pests of Crops

Performance objectives

• State the meaning of pests.
• Classify pests into insects and non-insects pests.
• Classify insects pests based on their mode of mouth parts.
• Discuss the important insect’s pests of major crops.
• Recognize and name the important storage insects pests of farm produce
• Describe the nature of damage of crops.
• Describe the biology of some of the selected crops.
• State and discuss the general control and preventive measures.
• State and discuss the possible side effects of the various preventive and control methods on man and the environment.

Contents

• Meaning of pests.
• Classification of pests.
  • Insect pests.
  • Non-insects pests.
• Classification of insect pests based on mouth parts with examples.
  • Biting and chewing
  • piercing an sucking
  • Boring.
• Name and description of important insect pests of crops.
  • Cereals, stem borer etc.
  • Legume-pod borer, aphids, etc.
  • Beverages-cocoa my rids (capsids), etc.
• Tuber-Yam beetle, cassava mealy bug, variegated grasshopper, etc.
• Fiber-cotton strainers, boil worms etc.
• Fruits and vegetables- grasshopper, leaf roller, and leaf beetle, scale insects.
• vii)Stored produce pests
  • Grain weevils, bean beetle.
• Other important pests (Non-insect pests) e.g. birds, rodents, etc.
• Nature of damage to crops and economics importance of each selected pests.
• Broad outline of the biology of selected insect pests.
• Preventive and control measures. Cultural, Biological, Chemical methods. Quarantine method.
• Side effects of the various preventive and control methods:
  • Chemical-pollution, poisoning.
  • Biological- Misbalancing of ecosystem.
  • Cultural method- Harmful effect of burning.
• Effects/economic importance of pests

Teacher’s Activities       

• Displays pictures of various pests in locality.
• Supervise collections and preservation of various pests in the locality.
• Divides the students into groups to prepare insects chart or box that can be kept in the agricultural laboratory.
• Takes the students out to identify and describe insect’s damage to crops in the field and during storage.
• Displays immature forms of insect’s pests in the laboratory and on the field.

Student’s Activities

• Draw some of the insects pests and non- insects pests in farm record book.
• Collection of various pests in the locality.
• Groups work to prepare insect chart or box.
• Observe the features of displayed items.

Teaching &Learning Material    

• Real specimens
• Pictures and diagrams of insects.
• Field work.
• School farm.

Evaluation Guide

• What are pests?
• Classify pests based on their mouth parts.
• Discuss five economic importance of insect pests.
• List the side effects of some preventive and control measures.

Week 3

Topic:

Weeds and Weed Control

Performance objectives

• Define weeds;
• List various types of weeds with their botanical names.
• State the effects of weeds on crops and the economy.
• List the various features of weeds.
• Describe the various methods of controlling weeds.

Contents

• Meaning of weeds.
• Types of weeds; Common and botanical names.
• Effects of weeds on crops and the economy.
• Characteristics features of weeds.
• Methods of controlling weeds- cultural, biological, chemical, physical and mechanical methods.

Teacher’s Activities       

• Guides the students on how to prepare weeds album.
• Displays Different types of herbicides and equipment for application
• Demonstrates application of herbicide on the farm.

Student’s Activities

• Prepare weeds album on group basis.
• Carry out weeding on their individual plot in the school farm.
• Observe the effect of herbicide applied on the farm.

Teaching &Learning Material    

• Different types of weeds.
• School farm.
• Different types of herbicides.

Evaluation Guide

• Define weed.
• List 5 Different types of weeds with their botanical names.
• State the effects of weeds on a) Crops. b)Economy
• List the various methods of controlling weeds.

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE SSS 2

THEME 6: ANIMAL SCIENCE

Week 1

Topic:

Types and Classification of Farm Animals

Performance objectives

• List the different types of farm animals.
• Classify farm animals according to:
  • Habitat Uses.

Contents

• Types of farm animals e.g. Cow, Goat, Fowl, Sheep Rabbit, Fish, Etc.
• Classification of a farm animals according to:
  • Habitat- terrestrial and aquatic uses-Food, production, pet, etc.               

Teacher’s Activities       

• Guides class Discussion.
• Guides students to identify these farm animals

Student’s Activities

• Participate in the class discussion.
• Guides students to identify these farm animals.

Teaching &Learning Material    

• Pictures of farm animals
• Charts, showing classification of farm animals, livestock pen.

Evaluation Guide

• State what farm animals are
• List 5 types of farm animals.
• Classify farm animals according to habitat and uses.

Week 2

Topic:

Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals

Performance objectives

• Draw and label parts of farm animals.
• Dissect a farm animal
• Identify important organs like heart, livers, lungs etc.
• Sketch these parts and mention their functions.

Contents

• Parts of farm animal e.g. fowl, goat or cow, fish etc.
• Organs of farm animals like heart, liver, lungs etc.
• Digestive system; Circulatory system; Respiratory system.          

Teacher’s Activities       

• Guides students during practical.
• Participate in the class discussion.
• Guides students to identify these farm animals.

Student’s Activities

• Draw and label parts of farm animal carefully.
• Dissect a farm animal.
• Identify important organs and mention their functions.
• Sketch the organs

Teaching &Learning Material    

• Pencils and erasers.
• Drawing sheets dissecting set,
• Illustrative charts,
• Life specimens.

Evaluation Guide

• Draw and label parts of farm animals.
• List 5 important internal organs of farm animal and state their functions.

Week 3

Topic:

Animal Reproduction

Performance objectives

• Explain the role of sex hormones in reproduction.
• Draw and label the parts of the male and female reproductive system.
• Explain the process of reproduction in mammals and poultry.
• Describe process of egg formation.

Contents

• Meaning of reproduction.
• Roles of hormones in reproduction of animals.
• Reproductive systems of animals, mammals and poultry.
• Processes of reproduction in animals ( mammals and poultry)
• Egg formation in poultry.             

Teacher’s Activities       

• Guides class discussion.
• Display Diagrams of reproductive system of mammals and of birds.

Student’s Activities

• Participate actively in class discussion.
• Follow the illustrations in the diagrams.

Teaching &Learning Material    

• Charts and pictures of reproductive system in mammals and poultry.     

Evaluation Guide

• Explain the role of sex hormones in reproduction of animals.
• Draw and label the male reproductive system of a mammal.
• Briefly explain the processes of reproduction in mammals.
• Describe the processes of egg formation.

Week 4

Topic:

Environmental Physiology

Performance objectives

• Explain the meaning of environmental physiology.
• State the effects of changes in: Climate on growth, reproduction, egg production, etc.
• Temperature- control of heat/temperature Relative humidity- control of humidity.
• Light-control of light.

Contents

• Meaning of environmental physiology.
• Effects of changes in climate such as:

a)            Temperature.

b)            Relative humidity.

c)            Light on;

– Growth

– Reproduction

– Milk production

– Egg production etc.

Teacher’s Activities       

• Guides class discussion.

Student’s Activities

• Participate actively in class discussion.   

Teaching &Learning Material    

• Diagrams and pictures of healthy animals and sick animals.

Evaluation Guide

• Explain the meaning or environmental physiology.
• What are the effects of changes in climate on;
  • Growth.
  • Reproduction,
  • Milk production and
  • Egg production in farm animals.

Week 5

Topic:

Livestock Management

Performance objectives

• State the meaning of livestock management
• State the requirement for good livestock management.
• Explain the importance of these management practices to livestock.
• Keep farm animals and take care of them (at least one ruminant and one one-ruminant).

Contents

• Meaning of livestock management.
• Requirement for livestock management.
  • Diseases control
  • Housing
  • Feeding
  • Hygiene etc. (Poultry, ruminant and non-ruminant.
• Importance of these management practices.
• Livestock production project.    

Teacher’s Activities       

• Guides class discussion.
• Guides students in practical during keeping of animals in the school.
• Provide necessary inputs for the practical project.

Student’s Activities

• Participate actively in the class discussion.
• Practice work of rearing animals in the school.

Teaching &Learning Material    

• Life animals like rabbits, goat, poultry etc.
• Materials needed for raring like housing, feeders, drinkers, feeds etc.

Evaluation Guide

• State the meaning of livestock management.
• What are the requirement for management?
• Explain the importance of each of these requirement.
• Raises a selected animals from stock selection to finishing.
• Present record of management practice.

Week 6

Topic:

Animal Nutrition   

Performance objectives

• Classify feeds
• Mention sources and functions of food nutrients.
• State the different types of rations/diet and their uses.
• state causes and symptoms of malnutrition and their correction in farm animals

Contents

• Meaning of animal nutrition.
• Classification of feeds
  • Basal/energy feeds or carbohydrate.
  •  Protein concentrate.
  • Mineral/Vitamins supplements
  •  Roughages
• Sources and functions of food nutrients
• Types of ration/ diet and their uses.
  • Components of a balanced diet,
• Causes and symptoms of malnutrition and their correction in farm animals.        

Teacher’s Activities       

• Guides class discussion
• Display of feeds and items from different categories of nutrients

Student’s Activities

• Participate actively in class discussion.
• Explain feeds to the class.
• Classify feeds brought into the class.

Teaching &Learning Material    

• Charts and diagram of classes of feeds, different food types.
• Samples of feed specimen representing different feed types and nutrients.

Evaluation Guide

• State the different classes of feed.
• Mention 2 examples of fee for each class.
• What is ration?
• List 3 types of rations you know and briefly explain my two.
• What a malnutrition?
• State 4 symptoms of malnutrition in animals.
• Explain how malnutrition can be corrected.

Week 7

Topic:

Range land Management

Performance objectives

• State the meaning of range land.
• List the importance of range land.
• State the characteristics of range land.
• Mention some common grasses of livestock range

Contents

Meaning and importance of range land/pastures to livestock.

Characteristics of range land.

• Contains high quality grasses and legumes, etc.

Teacher’s Activities       

• Guides class discussion
• Guides the students during visit to range land.
• Display of chart and pictures of range land.

Student’s Activities

• Participate actively in class discussion.
• Students to visit a nearby range land

Teaching &Learning Material    

• Charts and pictures of range land
• Different types of crops found on range land.
• Range land site in the locality.

Evaluation Guide

• Define range land.
• List 5 Importance of range land.
• State the characteristics of range land.
• Mention some common crops found in range land.
• Mention some factors affecting production of herbage in range land.
• Briefly explain methods of range land and pasture improvement.

NERDC Secondary School Curriculum SS2. Agricultural Science Curriculum for SSS 2 –Schemeofwork.com

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE SSS 2

THEME 7: AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AND EXTENSION                              

Week 1

Topic:

Basic Economic Principles

Performance objectives

• List the basic economic principles.
• Discuss the basic economic principles.

Contents

1. scarcity
   • choice
   • scale of preference
   • Law of diminishing returns.        

Teacher’s Activities       

• Discussion and demonstration.

Student’s Activities

• Draw examples from real life situations.

Evaluation Guide

• List basic economic principles.
• Explain the law of diminishing returns.

Week 2

Topic:

Factors of Production

Performance objectives

• Define factors of production.
• Mention examples of factors of production.
• Discuss each factor of production

Contents

• Factors of production Land
• Capital
• Labour
  • Characteristics and classification.
• Management or entrepreneur.

Teacher’s Activities       

• Use chart to illustrate the factors of production classification.

Student’s Activities

• Participate in discussion

Teaching &Learning Material    

• Farm land, farm buildings and equipment etc.

Evaluation Guide

• Mention factors of production.
• Discuss the importance of land in agricultural production.

Week 3

Topic:

Principles of Demand

Performance objectives

• State the meaning of demand. 
• State the law of demand.
• List the factors that affect the demand for agricultural goods and services
• Differentiate between the factors that shift the demand curve and movements along the demand curve.

Contents

• Definition of demand.
• Law of demand
• Factors affecting demand.
• Movements along the demand curve.
• Shifts in the demand curve.       

Teacher’s Activities       

• Discussion
• Display diagram of demand curve.

Student’s Activities

• Actively participate in the discussion.
• Interpret the movements along demand curve from the diagram.

Teaching &Learning Material    

• Charts and diagrams.

Evaluation Guide

• Define demand.
• State the factors that affect demand.
• Differentiate between shifts in the demand curve and movement along the demand curve.

Week 4

Topic:

Principles of Supply

Performance objectives

• State the law of supply.
• List the factors that affect supply; Movements along the supply curve and the shift variables.

Contents

• Definition of supply
• Law of supply.
• Movement along supply Curve.
• Shift in the supply Curve.            

Teacher’s Activities       

• Discussion.
• Use supply Curve chart to explain.

Student’s Activities

• Participate in the discussion.
• Interpret the supply curve.

Teaching &Learning Material    

• Charts

Evaluation Guide

• Define supply.
• State factors affecting supply

Week 5

Topic:

Implication of Demand and Supply for Agricultural Production

Performance objectives

• To discuss the meaning of price support.
• Explain the meaning of price stabilization & control
• Indicate what a subsidy programme is all about.

Contents

• Price support
• Price control
• Subsidy programme and their effects on agricultural production.

Teacher’s Activities       

• Discussion by drawing examples from real life situations e.g. buffer stock, grain release by government.

Student’s Activities

• Active participation in the discussion.
• Raise questions on issues of effect of subsidy withdrawal on agricultural production.

Evaluation Guide

• Explain what is meant by Price support
• Price control
• Subsidy programme.
• Discuss the effects of subsidy withdrawals by government.

Week 6

Topic:

Functions of Farm Manager

Performance objectives

• Explain meaning of farm manager.
• State the functions of a farm manager.

Contents

• Meaning of farm manager.
• Function of a farm manager.
  • planning
  • Coordinating, etc.

Teacher’s Activities       

• Discussion
• Use concept map to outline the functions of farm manager and relationship in the detailed activities.

Student’s Activities

• Act the roles of a farm manager in a short play.

Teaching &Learning Material    

• Concept map
• Role play by students.

Evaluation Guide

• Explain meaning of a farm manager.
• State five function of farm manager.

Week 7

Topic:

Problems Faced by Farm Managers

Performance objectives

• State the problems that farm managers face in the production process.

Contents

• Problems of farm managers.
  • Inadequate farm
  • Inadequate information about sources of inputs.
  • Government Policy. Etc.

Teacher’s Activities       

• Discussion and exposition.

Student’s Activities

• Participation in Discussion.

Teaching &Learning Material    

• Concept map

Evaluation Guide

• List five problems faced by farm managers.
•  Discuss any three of the problems as they affect farm manager’s productivity.